Takirere Pōro Cryogenic mō te Ratonga LNG me te Hau Ahumahi

1. Womic Steel: Ngā Pūkenga Hanga me te Kaha o te Kamupene

He kaihanga matua a Womic Steel Group me te kaiwhakarato o te ao mō ngā takirere cryogenic, neke atu i te 20 tau o te tohungatanga ki te hanga takirere mahi-teitei mō ngā ratonga pāmahana tino iti. Kei roto i tā mātou whare hanga hou ngā āheinga hanga, miihini, huihuinga, me te whakamātautau:

l Raina Whakaputa Takirere Cryogenic:He raina hanga takirere wairākau motuhake me ngā pokapū miihini CNC, ngā mīhini hurihuri poutū, me ngā taputapu whakamātautau wairākau motuhake ka taea te whakamātautau i ngā takirere tae atu ki te -196°C mā te whakamahi i te hauota wai. Neke atu i te 20,000 ngā takirere pōro wairākau te kaha whakaputa ā-tau.

l Whare Maimoatanga Hōhonu o te Cryogenic:Ouma maimoatanga waikura i roto i te whare (-196°C) hei whakamama i te ahotea o ngā wāhanga katoa kei roto te pēhanga, hei whakarite i te pumau o ngā āhuatanga me te ārai i te hē i ngā pāmahana ratonga. Ka rumakina ngā wāhanga mō te iti rawa 8 hāora e ai ki ngā whakaritenga BS 6364.

Ko ngā takirere pōro cryogenic katoa he mea hanga ki:

1. He taupoki roa me te pereti maturuturu hei pupuri i te takai kakau i ngā pāmahana e taea ana te whakahaere

Pūrere whenua ārai-pūmau ia API 608 me BS 5351

Hoahoa kakau ātete pupuhi

Hoahoa haumaru-ahi mō ia API 607 ​​/ ISO 10497

l Te iti o te tukunga rerenga e tutuki ana i te ISO 15848-1 (Akomanga A, B rānei)

Āheinga ārai rua me te whakaheke toto (whiringa kore)

l Whakaora pēhanga poka (ngā takirere e mau ana ki te trunnion)

Ngā Tiwhikete Kounga me ngā Whakatutukitanga Ture:

Kua whakamanahia te ISO 9001:2015

PED 2014/68/EU (Tohu CE) mō ngā taputapu pēhanga

Raihana Monogram API 6D / API 608

Tiwhikete Haumaru Ahi API 607 ​​/ API 6FA

Tiwhikete Tukunga Rerenga Iti ISO 15848-1

l EN 10204 3.2 Tiwhikete me te whakamanatanga tuatoru (TÜV, BV, SGS, LR)

Tirotirohanga Tuatoru (TPI) kua whakaaetia e SGS, BV, ABS, DNV, TÜV, Lloyd's Register

l Te hanganga ture NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 mō ngā tono cryogenic ratonga kawa

Kei te wātea te tiwhikete ATEX ina tonoa mō ngā āhuarangi pahū

Ngāwari o te whakaputa mō ngā takirere pōro Cryogenic:

Pōro Mānu: 1/2" – 8" (DN15 – DN200), Akomanga 150 – Akomanga 1500

Pōro e mau ana ki te pūwero: 2" – 48" (DN50 – DN1200), Akomanga 150 – Akomanga 2500

Hononga Mutunga: Flanged (RF, RTJ), Butt Weld (BW), Socket Weld (SW), Miro (NPT)

l Whakaoho: Ā-ringa (rīwhi, taputapu), Haumātika, Hiko, Waipēhi

Te kaha whakaputa ia marama: 1,500-2,000 waeine i runga i te rahi me te uaua

Te Whakamihi Ao Whānui:He kaiwhakarato pono a Womic Steel ki ngā kaimahi kirimana EPC o te ao me ngā kaiwhakahaere LNG tae atu ki a Technip Energies, McDermott, Bechtel, me Sinopec, e mahi ana ki ngā whenua neke atu i te 40 puta noa i ngā rāngai LNG, matū hinu, me te hau ahumahi.

2. Takirere Pōro Cryogenic: Te Hanganga o ngā Rauemi me ngā Whakatakotoranga Matua

Ka mahi ngā takirere pōro cryogenic i ngā pāmahana iti iho i te -196°C, ka pakarukaru ngā rauemi paerewa, ka kore hoki ngā pūnaha hiri paerewa e mahi nā te whakahekenga wera. He mea hanga motuhake ā mātou takirere pōro cryogenic mō ēnei āhuatanga tino kino.

Ngā Āhuatanga Hoahoa Matua mō te Ratonga -196°C:

Pōtae Whakaroa me te Pereti Maturuturu:Ka whakaroahia te taupoki kia mau tonu te pāmahana o te wāhi tākai (ngā hiri kākano) ki runga ake i te tio, kia kore ai e hanga hukapapa, kia mau tonu ai te āhua o te hiri. Ka āraihia e te pereti maturuturu te maturuturu o te makuku kua whakakōpiritia ki runga i te tinana whakamātao, ki te tinana takirere rānei.

Maimoatanga Cryogenic Hōhonu:Ko ngā wāhanga katoa kei roto te pēhanga (tinana, taupoki, pōro, kakau) ka tukuna ki te maimoatanga hohonu ki te wai i te -196°C mō te iti rawa 8 hāora (ngā huringa maha rānei) hei whakaputa ke i te austenite e puritia ana, hei whakamama i ngā ahotea toenga, me te whakarite i te pumau o ngā āhuatanga i te pāmahana ratonga.

Ngā Rauemi Motuhake mō te Ratonga Cryogenic:

Wāhanga	Ngā Kōwhiringa Rauemi	Awhe Pāmahana	Ngā Āhuatanga Matua
Tinana/Pona	ASTM A351 CF3/CF3M (304L/316L SS)	-196°C ki te +300°C	Te pumau Austenitic i ngā pāmahana cryogenic
Tinana/Pona	ASTM A352 LCB/LCC (Rino Waro Pāmahana Iti)	-46°C ki te +300°C	Mō te ratonga cryogenic iti ake te kino
Tinana/Pona	ASTM A182 F304L/F316L (Whakarewa)	-196°C ki te +300°C	Teitei o te pono, ngā rahi iti
Pōro	ASTM A182 F304/F316	-196°C ki te +300°C	100% PT/UT i tirotirohia
Pōro	ASTM A351 CF3/CF3M (Maka)	-196°C ki te +300°C	Ngā rahi nui
Kākano	ASTM A182 F304L/F316L	-196°C ki te +300°C	Te kaha whakaroa i ngā pāmahana iti
Kākano	ASTM A182 F XM-19	-196°C ki te +300°C	He kaha ake, he ātete kakahu pai ake
Nohoanga Takirere	PCTFE (Polychlorotrifluoroethylene)	-196°C ki te +150°C	Te tere turuturu iti rawa, te hiri cryogenic tino pai
Nohoanga Takirere	RPTFE (PTFE Whakakaha)	-196°C ki te +200°C	He pai te hiri, he kaha ki te pāmahana teitei ake
Nohoanga Takirere	TIROHIA	-196°C ki te +260°C	He kōwhiringa nohoanga whakarewa, kaha ake
Ngā Hiri Tinana	Whara Porowhita (Karāpiti + SS)	-196°C ki te +400°C	Hiri pono, haumaru ki te ahi
Te Tākai Kākano	Karāpiti Tukunga Rerenga Iti	-196°C ki te +400°C	Kua whakamanahia te ISO 15848
Te whakapūmau	ASTM A320 Karāhe L7 / A194 Karāhe 7	maitai waro pāmahana iti	Mō te tinana LCB
Te whakapūmau	ASTM A320 Kari.B8 CL.2 / A194 Kari.8	-196°C ki te +400°C	Mō te tinana SS
Ārai-pūmau	Puna/pōro koranu parahi	–	Ka whiua te pōro ki te tinana

Manatoko Rauemi Hira:

100% PMI (Tautuhi Rauemi Pai) i runga i ngā wāhanga koranu katoa

Whakamātautau pānga Charpy V-notch i te -196°C mō te manatoko rauemi tinana/pōtae (e ai ki te BS 6364)

Whakamātautau pakeke mō ngā tono ratonga kawa (mō NACE MR0175)

3. Te Awhe Ahu me te Whakatutukitanga Paerewa

Taonga	Whakatakotoranga
Paerewa Hoahoa	BS 6364, MSS SP-134, API 608, API 6D, ASME B16.34
Momo	Pōro Mānu (≤ 8") / Pōro e mau ana ki te taura (≥ 2")
Awhe Rahi	1/2" – 48" (DN15 – DN1200)
Whakatauranga Pēhanga	Akomanga 150 – Akomanga 2500 (PN20 – PN420)
Awhe Pāmahana	-196°C ki te +300°C (i runga i ngā rauemi)
Whakamutua ngā Hononga	He Flanged (RF, RTJ mō ia ASME B16.5/B16.47), Butt Weld (mō ia ASME B16.25), Socket Weld (mō ia ASME B16.11), Miro (NPT mō ia ASME B1.20.1)
Kanohi ki te Kanohi	ASME B16.10, API 6D, i runga rānei i ngā whakaritenga a te kiritaki
Haumaru ahi	API 607 ​​(nohoanga ngohengohe), API 6FA (nohoanga whakarewa)
Tukunga Rerenga	ISO 15848-1 (Akomanga A, B rānei)
Ārai-pūmau	Mō ia API 608, BS 5351
Te whakapūmau	ASME B16.34, ASTM A320/A194
Whakamātautau Cryogenic	BS 6364, MSS SP-134
Whakamātautau Waipūmau	API 598, ISO 5208
Whakaoho	Rīwai, Taputapu (Ā-ringa), Haumātika, Hiko, Waipēhi

4. Ngā Whirihoranga e Wātea ana – Takirere Pōro Cryogenic (-196°C)

Rahi	Akomanga Pēhanga	Rauemi Tinana	Rauemi Nohoanga	Whakamutua te Hononga	Whakaoho	Te Whakamahinga Noa
1/2" – 2"	CL150-1500	A182 F304L/F316L	PCTFE	SW/NPT/BW	Rīwai	Ngā taputapu, ngā raina tauira
2" – 8"	CL150-1500	A351 CF3/CF3M	PCTFE/RPTFE	Flange/BW	Rīwhi/Taputapu	Te tipu LNG, ngā paipa ASU
2" – 8"	CL150-1500	A352 LCB/LCC	PCTFE/RPTFE	Flange/BW	Taputapu	Ngā pūnga whiwhi LNG
6" – 24"	CL150-600	A351 CF3/CF3M	PCTFE/TIRO	Flange/BW	Taputapu	Ngā raina whakawhiti LNG matua
6" – 24"	CL150-600	A352 LCB/LCC	PCTFE	Flange/BW	Taputapu	Ratonga maitai waro pāmahana iti
12" – 42"	CL150-300	A351 CF3/CF3M	PCTFE	Flange/BW	Taputapu/Hiko	Putanga o te tāke rokiroki LNG
2" – 48"	CL150-2500	A351 CF3M	PCTFE/RPTFE	BW anake	Taputapu/Hiko	Te pēhanga teitei o te kiriuhi

Kei te wātea ngā whirihoranga ritenga i waho atu i ēnei awhe ina tonoa. Me whakarite te hoahoa e mau ana ki te trunnion mō ngā rahi ≥ 2" mō ia API 6D, mō ngā tono pēhanga teitei / taipana teitei rānei.

Ngā Āhuatanga Hoahoa Matua - Pōro Mānu (Rahi ≤ 8 inihi):

Hanganga tinana kotahi-wahi, e rua-wahi rānei

Hoahoa nohoanga whakakaha-puna

l Taipana whakahaere iti

Kei te wātea te whakaurunga-runga, te whakaurunga-taha rānei

Ngā Āhuatanga Hoahoa Matua - Te mau ki te trunnion (Ngā Rahi ≥ 2"):

l He pōro e tautokona ana e ngā peera trunnion mō te pēhanga teitei

Hoahoa nohoanga puna-uta (hiri nohoanga o raro)

l Whakamamae pēhanga poka (putanga nohoanga, putanga tinana rānei)

l He iti te taipana whakahaere ahakoa te pēhanga

l Te kaha ki te aukati me te whakaheke toto

l Te hoahoa tomokanga-runga, te hoahoa tomokanga-taha rānei

5. Ngā Paerewa Noa mō ngā Takirere Pōro Cryogenic

Paerewa	Whakaahuatanga	Tono
BS 6364	Whakatakotoranga mō ngā takirere cryogenic mō te LNG me te ratonga pāmahana iti	Paerewa hoahoa matua mō te ratonga cryogenic
MSS SP-134	Paerewa mō ngā takirere mō te ratonga cryogenic	Paerewa ōrite o te US mō ngā takirere cryogenic
API 608	Ngā takirere pōro whakarewa - ngā pito whakarara me ngā pito whakapiri-tua	Paerewa hoahoa takirere pōro
API 6D	Ngā whakaritenga mō ngā paipa me ngā takirere paipa	Paerewa takirere pōro paipa
ASME B16.34	Ngā takirere - he pito whakarara, he pito miro, me te pito whakarewa	Pūtake whakatauranga pēhanga-pāmahana
API 607	Whakamātautau ahi mō ngā takirere huri-hauwhā e noho ngohengohe ana	Tiwhikete haumaru ahi
API 6FA	Whakamātautau ahi mō ngā takirere	Tiwhikete haumaru-ahi mō ngā takirere API 6D
ISO 15848-1	Ngā takirere ahumahi - ngā tukanga ine me te whakamātautau mō ngā tukunga rerenga	Tiwhikete tukunga rerenga iti
ASME B16.10	Ngā rahinga kanohi ki te kanohi me te pito ki te pito	Paerewa ā-taunga
API 598	Te tirotiro me te whakamātautau i te takirere	Ngā paearu whakaae whakamātautau
NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156	Ngā ahumahi hinu me te hau māori - ngā rauemi mō ngā taiao H2S	Te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga ratonga kino

Whakamahinga:Ngā pūnga whiwhi LNG, ngā tipu wai LNG, ngā ringa utaina kawe LNG, ngā paipa tāke rokiroki LNG, ngā wae wehewehe hau (ASU), ngā paipa hauota wai/hāora wai, te ratonga hauwai wai, ngā tipu ethylene me te propylene, te ratonga methanol pāmahana iti, te tukatuka hau cryogenic, te ratonga herium wai.

6. Tukanga Hanga – Takirere Pōro Cryogenic (-196°C)

Ka whakamahia e Womic Steel ngā tukanga hanga motuhake mō ngā takirere pōro cryogenic, me te aro nui ki te tohu rauemi, te maimoatanga cryogenic hohonu, me te manatoko mahi cryogenic.

Hipanga 1: Tirotiro Rauemi Mata me te PMI

Ngā whakarewa/whakarewa tinana me te potae kua manatokohia e te tātari matū me te PMI

Whakamātautau pānga Charpy i te -196°C ia BS 6364 hei manatoko i te pakari o te pāmahana iti

100% PT (Whakamātautau Whakauru) me te UT (Whakamātautau Ultrasonic) i runga i ngā whakarewanga mō ngā hapa

l Whakamātautau pakeke mō ngā tono ratonga kawa

Hipanga 2: Te Mīhini

l Te miihini CNC o te tinana, te potae, te pōro, me te kakau ki ngā tūponotanga tika

l Te huri motuhake i ngā mata hiri pōro me te nohoanga mō te hiri piri-rere

l Te mutunga o te mata o ngā wāhi hiri: Ra ≤ 0.4μm (whakaoti whakaata)

l Te mīhini o te awaawa anti-static, te awaawa kakau ārai-pupuhi, me te whakaora kōhao

Hipanga 3: Maimoatanga Hōhonu Cryogenic (He mea nui mō te Ratonga -196°C)

Ko ngā wāhanga matua katoa (tinana, taupoki, pōro, kakau) kua tukuna ki te maimoatanga hohonu o te wai i te -196°C (te rumaki hauota wai)

Te wā iti rawa mō te rumaki: 8 hāora ia BS 6364 (te tikanga 8-12 hāora)

Ngā huringa maha (tae atu ki te 3 huringa) mō ngā whakarewanga nui, matatini rānei

Kaupapa: Hurihia te austenite i puritia ki te martensite, whakaitihia te ahotea toenga, whakarite kia pumau te āhua i te pāmahana ratonga

Ā muri iho ka whakamahanahia hei whakahoki mai i te ngāwari (mō ngā momo maitai kore waikura martensitic)

Hipanga 4: Huihuinga

Ngā wāhanga kua horoia hei tango i te hinu, te ngako, ngā poke rānei

l Ko ngā huihuinga katoa i mahia i roto i te taiao rūma ma

l Te whakahinuhinu ki ngā whakahinuhinu e hototahi ana ki te waikura (kāore i te hangai ki te hauwaiwaro)

Te tāutanga nohoanga me te whakatikatika i mua i te utaina (ngā nohoanga whakakaha-puna)

l Tāutanga hiri kakau me te tākai me te tākai iti-tukunga rerenga

Huinga potae roa me te pereti maturuturu kei runga ake i te raina whakamahana

Hipanga 5: Tirotiro i mua i te Whakamātautau

Manatoko i ngā āhuatanga katoa o ngā āhuatanga matua

Manatoko taipana o te whakapiri (e ai ki te ASME B16.34)

Whakamātautau nohoanga hau (pēhanga iti) i mua i te whakamātautau waipū

Hipanga 6: Whakamātautau Waipūmau (Mō ia API 598)

Whakamātautau anga: 1.5 × pēhanga hoahoa mō te iti rawa 15 hēkona, kāore he turuturu e kitea ana

Whakamātautau nohoanga: 1.1 × te pēhanga hoahoa, whakamātautau nohoanga pēhanga iti (0.5-0.7 MPa), ngā reiti turuturu e whakaaetia ana mō ia API 598

Kāore he turuturu e kitea ana i runga i ngā huānga kati

Hipanga 7: Whakamātautau Mahi Cryogenic (He mea nui mō te Ratonga -196°C e ai ki te BS 6364)

l Ko te takirere kua rumakina ki te hauota wai (-196°C) mō te iti rawa o te 2 hāora

Whakamātautau nohoanga hau pēhanga iti (0.6 MPa) i te pāmahana

I inehia te turuturu o te nohoanga: ≤ 0.1 cc/min ia inihi o te diameter o te nohoanga

l Ine i te taipana i te pāmahana cryogenic

Whakamātautau huringa: Tekau ngā huringa katoa i te pāmahana

Kāore e whakaaetia te kino, te whakapōturi rānei

Hipanga 8: Whakamātautau Tukunga Rerenga (E ai ki te ISO 15848-1)

Ngā takirere me te iti o te tukunga rerenga kua whakamatautauria kia rite ki te ISO 15848-1

l Te turuturu i inehia i runga i te taputapu kite turuturu heriuma

l Whakaaetia: Akomanga A, B rānei, i runga i te hiahia o te kiritaki

Hipanga 9: Whakamātautau Haumaru-Ahi (Mō te API 607, API 6FA rānei - Ina tonoa)

l Ko te takirere e whakaatuhia ana ki te ahi 650-760°C mō te 30 meneti

Whakamātautau turuturu nohoanga i muri i te ahi me te whakamatao

Tirotiro ā-kanohi mō ngā pakaru

Hipanga 10: Te Tirotiro Whakamutunga me te Tohu

Tirotiro tirohanga mō ngā hapa o te mata, te pono o te paninga, te mārama o te tohu

Tohu pumau mō ia BS 6364 / API 6D: kaihanga, rahi, akomanga pēhanga, rauemi, whakatauranga pāmahana, tāmati whakamātautau, tau rangatū

Te whakarite me te arotake i ngā tuhinga

7. Ngā Tukanga Whakahaere Kounga me te Whakamātautau mō te Takirere Pōro Cryogenic (-196°C)

Atamira	Tikanga Tirotiro	Kaupapa
Rauemi Mata (Te Maka/Te Hanga)	PMI (Tautuhi Rauemi Pai)	Manatokohia te taumata me te matū o te koranu
Rauemi Mata	Whakamātautau Pānga Charpy i te -196°C	Manatokohia te pakari o te pāmahana iti e ai ki te BS 6364
Rauemi Mata	PT/UT (Tirotiro Maka)	Kitea ngā hapa whakarewa, ngā whakaurunga, te porosity
Mīhini	Tirotiro Ahu	Manatokohia ngā āhuatanga matua e ai ki te ASME B16.34
I muri i te Maimoatanga Cryogenic Hōhonu	Arotake Anō i ngā Ahu	Manatokohia te pumau o ngā āhuatanga i muri i te maimoatanga
Huihuinga	Tirotiro Tirohanga	Tirohia mēnā he poke, me te huihui tika
Whakamātautau-Mua	Whakamātautau Nohoanga Hau (Pēhanga Iti)	Manatokohia te pono o te hiri tuatahi
Takirere Kua Oti	Whakamātautau Anga Wairewa	Te pono o te pēhanga mō ia API 598
Takirere Kua Oti	Whakamātautau Nohoanga Wairewa	Te pono o te hiri nohoanga mō ia API 598
Takirere Kua Oti	Whakamātautau Mahi Cryogenic ia BS 6364	Manatoko mahi -196°C (tino nui)
Takirere Kua Oti	Whakamātautau Tukunga Rerenga (e ai ki te ISO 15848-1)	He iti te turuturu o te hiri
Takirere Kua Oti	Whakamātautau Haumaru-Ahi (API 607/API 6FA - mēnā ka tonoa)	Tiwhikete haumaru ahi
Takirere Kua Oti	Whakamātautau Taipana	Manatokohia te taipana whakahaere i te pāmahana cryogenic
Takirere Kua Oti	Tirotiro Tirohanga me te Ahu	Manatoko kounga whakamutunga
Takirere Kua Oti	Manatoko Tohu	Me whakarite kia mau tonu te tohu kia rite ki ngā paerewa

Ngā Whakamātautau Kōwhiringa mō ngā Whakamahinga Cryogenic Tino Hira:

Whakamātautau turuturu Hīriama (mīta ine papatipu) mō ngā ratonga nui

Whakamātautau nohoanga hau pēhanga teitei (mō ia API 6D)

l Whakamātautau ora huringa (tae atu ki te 500 huringa i te pāmahana cryogenic)

NDT (RT/UT) mō te tirotiro ira-X

Te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga ATEX mō ngā āhuarangi pahū

l Te hanganga ture NACE MR0175 mō te ratonga kawa

Whakamātautau pānga Charpy ki ngā wāhanga tuturu (ehara i te mea ko ngā tīkitipati whakamātautau anake)

8. Ngā Whakamahinga Matua – Takirere Pōro Cryogenic (-196°C)

l Ngā Pūrua Whiwhinga LNG:Ka uru te LNG kawemai mai i ngā kaikawe ki roto i ngā tāke rokiroki mā roto i ngā ringa tango, e whakahaeretia ana e ngā takirere pōro cryogenic. Ka whakamahia e te pūrua LNG nui te 300-500 takirere pōro cryogenic mō te tango, te rokiroki, me te ratonga tuku. Ka tutuki ā mātou takirere i ngā whakaritenga BS 6364 me te MSS SP-134 mō te ratonga LNG.

l Ngā Whare Whakarewa LNG:Ka whakamataohia te hau māori ki te -162°C hei whakarewa. Ka whakahaerehia e ngā takirere pōro cryogenic te rere i roto i ngā whakawhiti wera, ngā wehewehe, me ngā pou wehewehenga. Me pupuri e ēnei takirere te pumau o te hiri i roto i ngā mano tini o ngā huringa wera.

l Ngā Pū Utaina Kaikawe LNG:I te wā e utaina ana mai i te pūnga ki te kawe LNG, ka wehea, ka whakahaerea hoki te rere e ngā takirere pōro cryogenic. He mea whakahau te hoahoa haumaru-ahi (API 607) mō ngā tono ringa uta.

l Ngā Wāhanga Wehenga Hau (ASU):Te whakaputa me te tohatoha i te hauota wai (-196°C), te hāora wai (-183°C), me te hauhā wai (-186°C). Mā ngā takirere pōro cryogenic e whakahaere te tango me te rokiroki o ngā hua.

l Ratonga Hauwai Wai:Ka rongoatia te hauwai wai ki te -253°C, me whakamahi i ngā takirere cryogenic motuhake. Mō ngā whakamahinga i tēnei pāmahana tino nui, ka tūtohu mātou i te tinana maitai kore waikura austenitic me ngā pūnaha hiri motuhake.

l Ngā tipu Ethylene me te Propylene:Ngā tono pāmahana iti i te -40°C ki te -104°C. Ko ngā takirere pōro cryogenic he paerewa i roto i ngā wāhanga makariri ethylene me ngā ara iahiko whakamatao propylene.

l Ratonga Methanol Pāmahana Iti:Ko ngā tipu methanol me ngā wāhanga pāmahana iti (-20°C ki te -40°C) me whakamahi i ngā takirere cryogenic kia pai ai te mahi.

l Te Tukatuka Hau Cryogenic:Te tango NGL (wai hau māori) ka whakamataohia te hau hei wehe i te ethane, te propane, me te butane. Ka whakamahia ngā takirere pōro cryogenic i roto i ngā wehewehe makariri me ngā raina o runga o te tango-ethanizer.

l Ratonga Hīriama Wai:Ko te hauhā wai i te -269°C me whakamahi i ngā takirere waiora motuhake me te PCTFE, ngā nohoanga uku rānei. E wātea ana mēnā ka tonoa.

l Te Ao Matū me te Ao Rererangi:Te whakahaere i te wai kiriu i roto i ngā whare whakaterenga roketi me ngā whare rangahau karihi.

9. Tākai me te Tukunga – Takirere Pōro Cryogenic (-196°C)

Tākai:

l Te Tiakitanga:Kua takaihia ngā takirere katoa ki te pepa ārai-waikura, ki te pepa VCI rānei (Aukati Waikura Kohu). Kua hipokina ngā flange me ngā hononga pito ki ngā taupoki kirihou, ki ngā flange matapo maitai rānei.

l Parenga Mutunga:Ngā taupoki kirihou mō ngā pito SW/NPT; ngā pāreti matapo maitai me ngā gasket mō ngā pito pāreti (RF, RTJ rānei). Ngā pito whakarewa papa e tiakina ana ki ngā taupoki pito kirihou, maitai rānei.

l Te Parenga o te Kaiwhakaoho:Ngā kaiwhakahaere taputapu, ngā kaiwhakaoho rānei e tiakina ana e ngā taupoki kirihou me te whakakī pahuka.

l Ngā Pouaka Rākau:Mō ngā takirere iti (≤ 8 inihi), ka tākaihia ngā waeine takitahi, maha rānei ki roto i ngā pouaka rakau pakari me te whakakī pahuka. Ngā pouaka papa rakau kounga-tāwāhi me ngā tautoko kokonga.

l Ngā Pourakau Rino:Mō ngā takirere nui (> 8 inihi) me ngā takirere taumaha, he whāriki maitai takitahi me ngā tautoko ā-ringa hei ārai i te kino i te wā e kawe ana. Ka mau ngā takirere mā te whakapuru ki te whāriki.

l Whakamaroke:He putea whakamaroke kiripaka e whakatakotoria ana ki roto i ngā pouaka hei mimiti i te makuku me te ārai i te waikura.

Tukunga:

l Te momo kawe:Utauta rererangi paerewa mō ngā takirere iti tere; utaina moana mō ngā takirere nui me ngā ota papatipu; whakahaere kaupapa mō ngā takirere taumaha nui.

l Te whakapūtanga ipu:He takirere iti kua wharikitia ki te papa, ka utaina ki roto i ngā ipu; he takirere nui kei roto i ngā ipu whatanga papatahi, i ngā ipu tuwhera rānei.

l Pakaru-papatipu:Ko ngā takirere nui rawa atu, taumaha rānei (> 48" me te > 5 tana rānei) ka tukuna takitahitia i runga i ngā kaipuke pakaru-rahi.

l Te tapanga:Ia pouaka, ia pou rānei kua tohua ki te tau tohu takirere, te rahi, te akomanga pēhanga, te rauemi, te tau raupapa, me ngā tohutohu whakahaere. Ngā tapanga motuhake mō te tohu ratonga cryogenic.

l Ngā tuhinga:MTC Katoa (EN 10204 Momo 3.1/3.2), pūrongo whakamātautau waipū, pūrongo whakamātautau mahi waikura i raro i te BS 6364, pūrongo whakamātautau tukunga rerenga, tiwhikete haumaru ahi (mēnā e tika ana), pūrongo ā-ahu, rārangi tākai, nama hokohoko, pire utanga, tiwhikete takenga mai, Whakapuakitanga Mahi CE.

Ngā tuhinga i whakaratohia me ia tuku:

Tiwhikete Whakamātautau Mira (paerewa EN 10204 Momo 3.1; Momo 3.2 mēnā ka tonoa)

Pūrongo Whakamātautau Waipūmau (anga me te nohoanga, pēhanga, roanga, hua)

l Pūrongo Whakamātautau Mahi Cryogenic mō BS 6364(ngā hua whakamātautau -196°C, ngā tere turuturu, te taipana)

Pūrongo Whakamātautau Tukunga Rerenga (ISO 15848-1 Akomanga A, B rānei)

Tiwhikete Whakamātautau Haumaru Ahi (API 607, API 6FA rānei - mēnā e hiahiatia ana)

Pūrongo Tirotiro Ahu (kanohi ki te kanohi, keri flange, rahi poka)

Ngā Pūrongo Whakamātautau Rauemi (PMI, pānga Charpy i te -196°C)

Ngā Pūrongo Whakamātautau PMI (ngā wāhanga koranu katoa)

l Te Rekoata Maimoatanga Hōhonu Cryogenic (pāmahana, wā rumaki, huringa)

Ngā Pūrongo Whakamātautau Pūwhakaoho (mēnā e tika ana)

Rārangi Tākai, Nama Tauhokohoko, Pire Utaina, Tiwhikete Taketake

Whakapuakitanga Mahi CE (DoP) mō ngā tukunga ki Ūropi

10. Ngā Painga me ngā Pātai Auau mō te Rino Womic – Takirere Pōro Cryogenic (-196°C)

He aha koe ka mahi tahi ai me Womic Steel mō ngā takirere pōro Cryogenic?

Awhe Rahi Katoa: 1/2" – 48" (DN15 – DN1200), Akomanga 150 – Akomanga 2500.

Maimoatanga Hōhonu o te Whakatōtō i te -196°C – ka whakarite i te pumau o ngā āhuatanga, ā, ka ārai i te hē o te pāmahana ratonga (me whai i raro i te BS 6364 mō te ratonga ≤ -101°C).

Mahi cryogenic kua whakamanahia – 100% ngā takirere i whakamatautauria i te -196°C e ai ki te BS 6364 i mua i te tukunga.

Hoahoa haumaru-ahi – Kei te wātea te tiwhikete API 607, API 6FA rānei mō ngā takirere pōro katoa.

He iti te tukunga rerenga – Paerewa tākai ISO 15848-1 Akomanga A, B rānei mō ngā takirere katoa.

l He kakau ātete-pūmau, ātete pahū – ngā āhuatanga haumaru paerewa.

Ko te kōwhiringa o te hoahoa e mānu ana, e mau ana rānei ki te poupou, kei runga i te rahi me te pēhanga.

Kōwhiringa o ngā rauemi o te tinana: CF3, CF3M, CF8, CF8M, LCB, LCC, ngā maitai kore waikura takirua.

Kōwhiringa rauemi nohoanga: PCTFE (nohoanga cryogenic tuatahi), RPTFE, PEEK.

Tohu PED 2014/68/EU CE mō ngā taputapu pēhanga Pākehā.

Ngā wā arahi whakataetae: 8-12 wiki mō ngā whirihoranga paerewa, 16-20 wiki mō ngā hoahoa ritenga nui-whana.

Ka whakaaetia te tirotiro a te hunga tuatoru (SGS, BV, TÜV, DNV, ABS, LR).

Ngā Pātai Auau (FAQ) – Takirere Pōro Cryogenic (-196°C)

Q: He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te takirere pōro paerewa me te takirere pōro cryogenic?

A: He maha ngā āhuatanga matua o ngā takirere pōro cryogenic kāore i kitea i roto i ngā takirere paerewa: he taupoki roa me te pereti maturuturu hei tiaki i ngā hiri kakau mai i ngā pāmahana cryogenic; he maimoatanga cryogenic hohonu (te rumaki -196°C) o ngā wāhanga katoa hei ārai i te hē; he rauemi nohoanga motuhake (PCTFE, PEEK) e pupuri ana i te pono o te hiri i ngā pāmahana iti; he iti te takai tukunga rerenga; me te whakamātautau mahi cryogenic whakahau e ai ki te BS 6364. Ko ngā takirere pōro paerewa he taupoki kāore i te roa, he nohoanga polymer paerewa ka pakarukaru i ngā pāmahana cryogenic, ā, kāore he whakamātautau cryogenic.

Q: He aha te pāmahana ratonga iti rawa mō āu takirere pōro cryogenic?

A: Ko ā mātou takirere pōro cryogenic paerewa he mea whakatau mō te ratonga -196°C (pāmahana hauota wai) e ai ki te BS 6364 me te MSS SP-134. Mō te ratonga hauwai wai (-253°C) me te ratonga herium wai (-269°C), ka tukuna e mātou he hoahoa motuhake me ngā rauemi me ngā hiri kua whakarerekētia. Tena koa whakapā mai ki tā mātou tīma hangarau mō ēnei tono pāmahana tino nui.

P: He aha te maimoatanga cryogenic hōhonu, ā, he aha i hiahiatia ai?

A: Ko te maimoatanga hohonu o te cryogenic ko te tukanga whakamatao i ngā wāhanga takirere ki te -196°C (hauota wai) mō te iti rawa o te 8 hāora, kātahi ka hoki mārire ki te pāmahana rūma. Ka hurihia e tēnei tukanga te austenite e puritia ana (ka taea te whakaputa i ngā huringa āhuahanga i ngā pāmahana cryogenic) ki te martensite, ka whakamama i ngā ahotea toenga mai i te miihini, ā, ka whakarite i te pumau āhuahanga i te pāmahana ratonga. E hiahiatia ana e te BS 6364 te maimoatanga hohonu o te cryogenic mō ngā takirere me ngā pāmahana ≤ -101°C.

Q: He aha ngā rauemi nohoanga e taunaki ana koe mō te mahi i te pāmahana -196°C?

A: Mō te ratonga -196°C, ka tūtohu mātou i te PCTFE (polychlorotrifluoroethylene) hei rauemi nohoanga matua. Ka mau tonu te PCTFE i ōna āhuatanga miihini, ā, ka whakarato i te hiri pai i ngā pāmahana cryogenic me te kore e rere makariri. He pai te RPTFE (PTFE whakapakari) mō te -196°C engari he paku teitei ake ngā tere turuturu. Ka taea te whakamahi i te PEEK i te -196°C engari he nui ake te whakamahinga mō ngā ratonga pāmahana teitei ake (tae atu ki te 260°C) me ngā tono nohoanga whakarewa rānei.

P: He mea whakahau te whakamātautau mahi cryogenic?

A: E ai ki te BS 6364 me te MSS SP-134, he mea whakahau te whakamātautau mahi cryogenic mō ngā takirere e whakamahia ana i roto i te LNG me te ratonga cryogenic. Me mahi ngā whakamātautau i te -196°C (hauota wai) me te whakamātautau nohoanga hau pēhanga iti i muri i te whakaū i te pāmahana. Ka whakahaerehia e Womic te whakamātautau mahi cryogenic 100% i runga i ia takirere pōro cryogenic i mua i te tukunga.

Q: He aha te tiwhikete haumaru ahi e tukuna ana e koe?

A: Kei a mātou te tiwhikete haumaru-ahi e ai ki te API 607 ​​(mō ngā takirere pōro noho-ngohengohe) me te API 6FA (mō ngā takirere pōro noho-whakarewa). Ko te whakamātautau ko te whakaatu i te takirere ki te ahi 650-760°C mō te 30 meneti, ā, muri iho ka whakamātauhia he turuturu nohoanga. He mea whakahau te hoahoa haumaru-ahi mō te nuinga o ngā tono LNG me te matū hinu.

Q: Kei te tukuna e koe he tākai iti mō ngā tukunga rerenga?

Āe. Kei roto i ā mātou takirere pōro cryogenic katoa he takai iti-tukunga rerenga kua whakamatautauria ki te ISO 15848-1. Ka taea e mātou te tuku tiwhikete Akomanga A, Akomanga B rānei i runga i ō hiahia. Ko te takai iti-tukunga rerenga te paerewa mō ngā takirere me ngā potae roa.

Q: He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i ngā takirere pōro mānu me ngā takirere pōro e mau ana ki te trunnion?

A: Ko ngā takirere pōro mānu ka tautokona te pōro e ngā nohoanga anake (ka "mānu" te pōro i waenganui i ngā nohoanga). Ka whakamahia tēnei hoahoa mō ngā rahi tae atu ki te 8" me ngā pēhanga taurite. Ko ngā takirere pōro e mau ana i te trunnion ka tautokona te pōro e ngā peera trunnion (runga me raro), e whakaiti ana i te taipana whakahaere, ā, ka taea ai ngā rahi nui ake me ngā pēhanga teitei ake. E ai ki te API 6D, he mea whakahau te hoahoa e mau ana i te trunnion mō ngā rahi ≥ 2" i roto i te ratonga paipa.

Q: Ka taea e koe te whakarato i ngā takirere pōro cryogenic me te hanganga ture NACE MR0175?

Āe. Mō ngā tono cryogenic ratonga kawa (LNG me te H2S, ethylene rānei me te H2S), ka tukuna e mātou ngā takirere pōro cryogenic me ngā rauemi e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga a te NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156. Kei roto i tēnei ko te whakamātautau pakeke, te whiriwhiri rauemi e tika ana, me te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga kua tuhia.

Q: He aha te wā ārahi noa mō ngā takirere pōro cryogenic?

A: Ko te wā arahi paerewa he 8-12 wiki mō ngā whirihoranga paerewa (pōro mānu, rahi ≤ 8", Akomanga 150-600). Mō ngā takirere e mau ana ki te trunnion (rahi ≥ 2", rahi nui ake), ko te wā arahi he 12-16 wiki. Mō ngā takirere nui-pū (> 24"), ngā rauemi motuhake rānei, ko te wā arahi he 16-20 wiki. Tērā pea ka wātea ngā ota tere mō ngā rahinga iti ake (4-6 wiki) me ngā utu tere.

Q: Kei te tukuna e koe he whakahohenga mō ngā takirere pōro cryogenic?

Āe. Ka tukuna e mātou te mahi ā-ringa me te rīwhi (rahi ≤ 4"), te kaiwhakahaere taputapu rānei (rahi ≥ 2"), te whakaoho hau (whakahoki-puna, mahi-rua rānei), te whakaoho hiko (whakakā-weto, whakarerekē rānei), me te whakaoho waipēhi. Kua whakaritea te rahi o ngā kaiwhakaoho katoa kia pai ai te taipana i ngā pāmahana cryogenic (ka piki ake te taipana i ngā pāmahana iti nā te whakahekenga wera).

Q: He aha ngā tuhinga whakamātautau e whakaratohia ana e koe me ia takirere?

A: Ka whakaratohia e mātou he kete tuhinga whānui tae atu ki: Tiwhikete Whakamātautau Mira Momo 3.1 EN 10204 (Momo 3.2 mēnā ka tonoa), Pūrongo Whakamātautau Waipūmau, Pūrongo Whakamātautau Mahi Cryogenic i runga i te BS 6364 (me ngā tere turuturu me te taipana), Pūrongo Whakamātautau Tukunga Rere (mēnā e tika ana), Tiwhikete Haumaru Ahi (mēnā e tika ana), Ngā Pūrongo Whakamātautau PMI, Pūrongo Tirotiro Ahu, Rekoata Maimoatanga Cryogenic Hōhonu, Ngā Pūrongo Whakamātautau Rauemi (tae atu ki te pānga Charpy i te -196°C), me te Whakapuakitanga Mahi CE mō ngā tukunga ki Ūropi.

Wheako Kaupapa me te Akoranga Take – Takirere Pōro Cryogenic (-196°C)

Kaupapa:Te Whanuitanga o te Pūnaha Whiwhinga LNG – Jiangsu, Haina

Paerewa me te Taumata:BS 6364, MSS SP-134, API 6D, API 607 ​​(Haumaru ahi)

Ngā Whakatakotoranga me te Rahinga:

Ngā Takirere Pōro e mau ana ki te Trunnion 16" (DN400), Akomanga 300, Tinana CF3M, Nohoanga PCTFE – 8 ngā waeine (tata ki te 3.2 tāne/waeine)

Ngā Takirere Pōro e mau ana ki te Trunnion 12" (DN300), Akomanga 300, Tinana CF3M, Nohoanga PCTFE – 16 ngā waeine (tata ki te 2.1 tāne/waeine)

Ngā Takirere Pōro Mānu 8" (DN200), Akomanga 300, Tinana CF3M, Nohoanga PCTFE – 24 ngā waeine (tata ki te 0.8 tāne/waeine)

Ngā Takirere Pōro Mānu 6" (DN150), Akomanga 300, Tinana CF3M, Nohoanga PCTFE – 32 ngā waeine (tata ki te 0.5 tāne/waeine)

Ngā Takirere Pōro Mānu 4" (DN100), Akomanga 300, Tinana CF3M, Nohoanga PCTFE – 48 ngā waeine (tata ki te 0.3 tāne/waeine)

Ngā Takirere Pōro Mānu 2" (DN50), Akomanga 300, Tinana CF3M, Nohoanga PCTFE – 64 ngā waeine (tata ki te 0.15 tāne/waeine)

Tapeke:192 ngā waeine (tata ki te 28 tāne)

Whakamahinga:Te wehenga o te ringa tango LNG me te tāke rokiroki. Te pāmahana ratonga: -162°C (LNG), te pēhanga hoahoa: 5.5 MPa. Te taupoki roa me te pereti maturuturu, e whakahaerehia ana e te taputapu (ā-ringa). Te hoahoa haumaru-ahi e ai ki te API 607, te takai iti o te tukunga rerenga e ai ki te ISO 15848-1 Akomanga B.

Ngā Wero Hangarau me ngā Otinga:

1. Te pāmahana tino nui (-162°C) e hiahia ana kia pono te hiri cryogenic– Ko te ratonga LNG i te -162°C (he iti iho i te hauota wai i te -196°C) me whai nohoanga PCTFE nā te mea he pai rawa atu ō rātou āhuatanga hiri wai. I tukuna e Womic ngā nohoanga PCTFE me te hoahoa puna-whakakaha e whakarite ana i te pono o te hiri i roto i ngā huringa wera. I paahitia e ngā takirere 192 katoa ngā whakamātautau wai me ngā tere turuturu < 0.05 cc/min ia inihi o te diameter nohoanga.

2. He hoahoa haumaru-ahi mō te ratonga ringa tango LNG– He hononga haumaru nui ngā ringa tango LNG. Me whiwhi te kiritaki i te tiwhikete haumaru-ahi API 607 ​​mō ngā takirere 16" me te 12" katoa. Nā Womic i hoahoa te nohoanga whakarewa tuarua hei pupuri i te hiri mēnā ka puta he ahi. I whakahaerehia he whakamātautau haumaru-ahi, ā, i whakamanahia e te taiwhanga tuatoru.

3. He iti te tākai tukunga rerenga mō te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga taiao– Kei te taha o te pokapū taupori te tauranga e hiahiatia ana te takai Akomanga B ISO 15848-1. I whakaratohia e Womic he takai karāhe iti te tukunga rerenga me te hoahoa potae roa e whakarite ana kia noho tonu te pāmahana takai ki runga ake i te -20°C. I whakaratohia te tiwhikete Akomanga B ISO 15848-1 mō ngā takirere katoa.

4. Maimoatanga cryogenic hōhonu mō ngā whakarewanga nunui (tinana 16 inihi)– Ka pāngia ngā whakarewa CF3M nui (tinana 16 inihi) e te austenite e mau tonu ana, ka taea te whakarerekē i te āhua i te -162°C. I whakahaerehia e Womic te maimoatanga cryogenic hohonu e toru-huringa (te rumaki i te -196°C, 12 hāora ia huringa) me te whakamahana waenga. I whakaūhia e te tirotiro anō i te āhua kāore he hapa i muri i te maimoatanga.

5. Hoahoa e mau ana ki te trunnion mō ngā takirere 16" me te 12"– E ai ki te API 6D, he mea whakahau te hoahoa e mau ana ki te trunnion mō ngā rahi ≥ 2" i roto i te ratonga paipa. I whakaratohia e Womic ngā takirere pōro e mau ana ki te trunnion poraka takirua me te toto (DBB) me te whakamāmā pēhanga kōhao (putanga nohoanga whakarunga) hei ārai i te pēhanga nui mai i te whakawhānui wai i roto i te kōhao kua kati.

6. Arotakenga a te hunga tuatoru e TÜV– I hiahiatia e te kiritaki kia kite a TÜV i ngā whakamātautau mō ngā takirere 192 katoa. I mahi tahi a Womic me te kairūri o TÜV mō te whakamātautau wai-pūmau, te whakamātautau mahi cryogenic (-162°C hauota wai), me te whakamātautau tukunga rerenga. I tukuna e TÜV ngā tiwhikete takitahi mō ia takirere i roto i ngā rā 14 o te otinga o te whakamātautau.

7. Tukunga tika i te wā tika mō te wātaka whakawhānui o te taunga rererangi– He iti te wātaka mō te whakawhānui i te taunga, kāore he ārai. I tukuna e Womic ngā takirere 192 katoa i roto i ngā tuku e 4 i roto i ngā wiki 12, ā, kei roto i ia tuku ngā takirere e hiahiatia ana mō te wāhanga tāutanga e whai ake nei. I tae mai te tuku tuatahi (ngā takirere 16" me te 12") e 4 wiki i muri i te whakaū ota – i mua i te wā i whakaritea. Kāore he whakaroa i te hanganga.

Hua:I angitu te whakatinanatanga o te whakawhānui i te pūwāhi whiwhi LNG i te tau 2022. Kua neke atu i te 2 tau te mahi a ngā takirere pōro cryogenic katoa i te -162°C, kāore he aituā tiaki. I kī te tohunga takirere a te kiritaki: "He pai ake ngā takirere cryogenic a Womic i ērā a ngā kaiwhakarato Pākehā kua whakapumautia i runga i te ōritetanga o te taipana me te pono o te hiri. Kua whakaitihia e mātou tā mātou kaupapa tiaki mai i ngā wā ā-tau ki ngā wā 18-marama." I tukuna e te kiritaki he whakaaetanga anga 5-tau mō ngā whakaritenga takirere cryogenic katoa a meake nei.

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Womic Steel – Tō hoa pono mō ngā takirere pōro cryogenic (-196°C) mō ngā pūnga LNG, ngā waeine wehenga hau, ngā tipu ethylene, me te ratonga hau ahumahi puta noa i te ao.