He wāhanga nui ngā paipa matū me ngā takirere i roto i te hanga matū, ā, ko rātou te hononga i waenga i ngā momo taputapu matū. Me pēhea te mahi a ngā takirere e 5 e tino kitea ana i roto i ngā paipa matū? Ko te kaupapa matua? He aha ngā paipa matū me ngā takirere hononga? (11 momo paipa + 4 momo hononga + 11 takirere) te whakamahi i ngā paipa matū, he māramatanga katoa!
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11 ngā takirere matua
Ko te taputapu e whakamahia ana hei whakahaere i te rere o te wai i roto i te paipa e kiia ana he takirere. Ko ōna mahi matua ko:
Whakatuwheratia, katia hoki te mahi – tapahia, whakapā atu rānei ki te rere o te wai i roto i te paipa;
Whakatikatika – hei whakatika i te tere rere o te wai i roto i te paipa, te rere;
Te whakawhāiti – te rere o te wai i roto i te takirere, ka hua ake he hekenga nui o te pēhanga.
Whakarōpūtanga:
E ai ki te mahi a te takirere i roto i te paipa, he rerekē, ka taea te wehewehe ki te takirere tapahi (e mōhiotia ana ko te takirere ao), te takirere whakatere, te takirere tirotiro, ngā takirere haumaru me ētahi atu;
E ai ki ngā momo hanganga rerekē, ka taea te wehewehe i ngā takirere ki ngā takirere kēti, ngā takirere mono (e kiia ana he Cocker), ngā takirere pōro, ngā takirere pūrerehua, ngā takirere diaphragm, ngā takirere rārangi me ētahi atu.
Hei tāpiri, e ai ki te hanga o ngā rauemi rerekē mō te takirere, ka wehea ki ngā takirere kowiri tira, ngā takirere maitai maka, ngā takirere rino maka, ngā takirere kirihou, ngā takirere uku me ētahi atu.
Kei roto i ngā pukapuka tohutohu me ngā tauira e tika ana ngā momo kōwhiringa takirere, ko ngā momo takirere tino noa anake ka whakaurua ki konei.
①Taupā Porowhita
Nā te ngāwari o te hanganga, te ngāwari hoki ki te hanga me te tiaki, he whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i ngā paipa pēhanga iti me te pēhanga waenga. Ka tāutahia ki roto i te kakau takirere i raro i te kōpae takirere porowhita (upoko takirere) me te wāhanga flange tinana takirere (nohoanga takirere) hei whakatutuki i te kaupapa o te tapahi i te rere o te wai.
Ka taea te whakarerekē i te kakau o te takirere mā te miro e hiki ake ai te tohu whakatuwheratanga o te takirere, ā, he mahi nui tēnei ki te whakahaere. Nā te pānga tapahi o te takirere, ka whakawhirinaki ki te pane takirere me te nohoanga o te hiri whakapā, kāore e pai mō te whakamahi i roto i te paipa kei roto ngā matūriki totoka o te wai.
Ka taea te whakamahi i te Takirere Porowhita kia rite ki ngā āhuatanga o te pāpāho hei whiriwhiri i te pane takirere, te nohoanga, me te rauemi anga e tika ana. Mō te whakamahinga o te takirere nā te hiri kino, te pane, te nohoanga me ētahi atu wāhanga o te takirere kua pakaru, ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te maripi māmā, te huri, te papa me ētahi atu tikanga whakatika me te whakamahi, kia roa ake ai te ora o te takirere.
②Taupā Kēti
Ka tū poutū ki te ahunga o te rere o ngā pāpāho mā te whakamahi i tētahi, i ētahi rānei pereti papatahi, ā, ka hiritia te mata o te tinana takirere kia tutuki ai te kaupapa o te kati. Ka ara ake te pereti takirere hei whakatuwhera i te takirere.
He pereti papatahi me te hurihanga o te kakau takirere me te hiki, me te rahi o te whakatuwheratanga hei whakahaere i te rere o te wai. He iti te ātete o tēnei takirere, he pai te mahi hiri, he penapena mahi whakawhiti, he tino pai mō ngā paipa rahi, engari he uaua ake te hanganga o te takirere kuaha, he maha atu ngā momo.
E ai ki te hanganga o te kakau, he rerekē te kakau tuwhera me te kakau pouri; e ai ki te hanganga o te pereti takirere, ka wehea ki te momo poro, ki te momo whakarara me ētahi atu.
Ko te tikanga, ko te pereti takirere momo poro he pereti takirere kotahi, ā, ko te momo whakarara he pereti takirere e rua. He māmā ake te hanga i te momo whakarara i te momo poro, he pai te whakatikatika, he ngāwari te whakarerekē i te āhua o te whakamahinga, engari kaua e whakamahia mō te kawe i ngā poke i roto i te paipa wai, engari mō te kawe i te wai, te hau ma, te hinu me ētahi atu paipa.
③Ngā takirere mono
Ko te mono e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko te Cocker, he whakamahinga o te tinana takirere hei whakauru i tētahi kōhao pokapū me tētahi mono kōniko hei whakatuwhera me te kati i te paipa.
E ai ki ngā momo hiri, ka taea te wehewehe i te mono ki te mono tākai, te mono hiri-hinu, te mono kore tākai, me ētahi atu. He māmā te hanganga o te mono, he iti ngā rahi o waho, he tere te whakatuwhera me te kati, he ngāwari te whakahaere, he iti te ātete wai, he ngāwari te hanga i te takirere tohatoha, whakawhiti rānei e toru-ara, e whā-ara rānei.
He nui te mata hiri o te mono, he ngāwari ki te mau, he uaua ki te whakawhiti, he uaua ki te whakarerekē i te rere, engari ka tere te tapahi. Ka taea te whakamahi i te mono mō te pēhanga iti me te pāmahana, mō te reo rānei kei roto ngā matūriki totoka i roto i te paipa wai, engari kaua e whakamahia mō te pēhanga teitei, te pāmahana teitei, te paipa mamaoa rānei.
④Taupā Whakatere
Nō tētahi momo takirere porowhita tēnei. He kōniko, he whāiti rānei te āhua o tōna pane takirere, ā, ka taea te whakahaere pai ake i te rere o ngā wai kua whakaritea, te whakahaere rānei i te whakawhāiti me te pēhanga. Me tino tika te whakaputa me te pai o te mahi hiri mō te takirere.
E whakamahia ana mō te whakahaere taputapu, te tango tauira rānei me ētahi atu paipa, engari kaua e whakamahia mō te matotoru me ngā matūriki totoka i roto i te paipa.
⑤Taupā Pōro
Ko te takirere pōro, e mōhiotia ana ko te takirere pokapū pōro, he momo takirere kua tere ake te whanaketanga i ngā tau tata nei. Ka whakamahia he pōro he kōhao kei waenganui hei pokapū takirere, e whakawhirinaki ana ki te hurihanga o te pōro hei whakahaere i te whakatuwheratanga, te katinga rānei o te takirere.
He rite ki te mono, engari he iti iho i te mata hiri o te mono, he hanganga kiato, he penapena mahi ki te whakawhiti, he whānui ake te whakamahinga i te mono.
Nā te whakapainga ake o te tika o te hanga takirere pōro, kāore i te whakamahia noa ngā takirere pōro i roto i ngā paipa pēhanga iti, engari kua whakamahia hoki i roto i ngā paipa pēhanga teitei. Heoi, nā ngā herenga o te rauemi hiri, kāore i te pai mō te whakamahi i roto i ngā paipa pāmahana teitei.
⑥ Ngā Takirere Diaphragm
Ko ngā takirere rapa e wātea ana i te nuinga o te wā. Ko te whakatuwheratanga me te katinga o tēnei takirere he takirere rapa motuhake, ka herea te takirere ki waenganui i te tinana takirere me te taupoki takirere, ā, ka pēhia te takirere e te kōpae i raro i te kakau takirere kia piri ki te tinana takirere kia hiritia.
He māmā te hanganga o tēnei takirere, he pono te hiri, he ngāwari te tiaki, ā, he iti te ātete ki te wai. He pai mō te kawe i ngā mea waikawa me ngā paipa wai me ngā mea totoka iri, engari i te nuinga o te wā kaua e whakamahia mō ngā paipa he nui ake te pēhanga, he pāmahana rānei neke atu i te 60 ℃, kaua hoki e whakamahia mō te kawe i ngā whakarewa waro me ngā mea waikura kaha i roto i te paipa.
⑦ Takirere Tirotiro
E mōhiotia ana hoki ko ngā takirere kore-hoki, ko ngā takirere tirotiro rānei. Ka tāutahia ki roto i te paipa kia kotahi noa te huarahi e rere ai te wai, ā, kāore e whakaaetia te rere whakamuri.
He momo takirere kati aunoa tēnei, kei roto i te tinana takirere he takirere, he pereti rūrū rānei. Ina rere pai te reo, ka huaki aunoa te taupoki takirere e te wai; ina rere whakamuri te wai, ka kati aunoa te taupoki takirere e te wai (te kaha puna rānei). E ai ki te hanganga rerekē o te takirere tirotiro, ka wehea kia rua ngā momo: te hiki me te piu.
Ko te taupoki takirere ara he poutū ki te nekehanga ara o te hongere takirere, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te paipa whakapae, poutū rānei; ko te taupoki takirere hurihuri e kiia ana ko te pereti roki, ko te taha pereti roki e hono ana ki te pou, ka taea te huri i te pereti roki huri noa i te pou, ko te takirere hurihuri te tikanga ka tāutahia ki roto i te paipa whakapae, ka taea hoki te tāuta ki roto i te paipa poutū mō te diameter iti, engari kia tupato kaua e nui rawa te rere.
Ko te takirere tirotiro e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō ngā paipa pāpāho ma, kaua e whakamahia ngā matūriki totoka me te matotoru o te paipa pāpāho kei roto. He pai ake te mahi kati o te takirere tirotiro momo hiki i te momo piu, engari he iti ake te ātete wai o te takirere tirotiro momo piu i te momo hiki. I te nuinga o te wā, he pai te takirere tirotiro piu mō ngā paipa rahi.
⑧Taupā Pūrerehua
He kōpae hurihuri (he kōpae porotītaha rānei) te takirere pūrerehua hei whakahaere i te whakatuwheratanga me te katinga o te paipa. He hanganga māmā noa iho, he iti ngā taha o waho.
Nā te hanganga hiri me ngā raruraru rauemi, he ngoikore te mahi kati o te takirere, he pai anake mō te whakahaere i ngā paipa pēhanga iti, whānui, e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te tuku wai, hau, hau me ētahi atu pāpāho i roto i te paipa.
⑨ Takirere Whakaiti Pēhanga
Ko te tikanga he whakaiti i te pēhanga reo ki tētahi uara motuhake o te takirere aunoa, ko te pēhanga whānui i muri i te takirere kia iti iho i te 50% o te pēhanga i mua i te takirere, ko te nuinga o te wā e whakawhirinaki ana ki te diaphragm, te puna, te piston me ētahi atu wāhanga o te reo hei whakahaere i te rerekētanga pēhanga i waenga i te taupoki takirere me te āputa nohoanga takirere hei whakatutuki i te kaupapa o te whakaiti i te pēhanga.
He maha ngā momo takirere whakaiti pēhanga, te momo piston noa me te momo diaphragm tuarua.
⑩ takirere arai
Hei ārai i te waikura o te reo, me whakakikorua ētahi takirere ki ngā rauemi ātete-waikura (pērā i te mata, te rapa, te enamel, me ētahi atu) i roto i te tinana takirere me te pane takirere, me whiriwhiri ngā rauemi whakakikorua kia rite ki te āhua o te reo.
Mō te ngāwari o te whakapuru, ko te nuinga o ngā takirere whakapuru he mea hanga ki te momo koki-matau, ki te momo rere-tika rānei.
⑪Ngā takirere haumaru
Hei whakarite i te haumaru o te hanga matū, kei roto i te pūnaha paipa i raro i te pēhanga, he taputapu haumaru tuturu, arā, ko te whiriwhiri i tētahi matotoru o te pepa whakarewa, pērā i te whakauru i tētahi pereti matapo kua tāutahia ki te pito o te paipa, ki te atanga tī rānei.
Ina piki te pēhanga i roto i te paipa, ka pakaru te pepa hei whakatutuki i te kaupapa o te whakaiti i te pēhanga. Ko ngā pereti pakaru e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā paipa pēhanga iti, whānui, engari i roto i te nuinga o ngā paipa matū me ngā takirere haumaru, he maha ngā momo takirere haumaru, ka taea te wehewehe whānuitia kia rua ngā wāhanga, arā, te momo puna me te momo rīwhi.
Ko te nuinga o ngā takirere haumaru e utaina ana ki te puna, e whakawhirinaki ana ki te kaha o te puna hei hiri. Ina nui ake te pēhanga i roto i te paipa i te kaha o te puna, ka whakatuwheratia te takirere e te reo, ā, ka tukuna te wai i roto i te paipa, kia iti ai te pēhanga.
Kia heke te pēhanga i roto i te paipa i raro i te kaha o te puna, ka kati anō te takirere. Ko ngā takirere haumaru momo-rīwhi e whakawhirinaki ana ki te kaha o te taumaha i runga i te rīwhi hei whakatutuki i te hiri, ko te kaupapa mahi me te momo-puna. Ko te kōwhiringa takirere haumaru, e ahu mai ana i te pēhanga mahi me te pāmahana mahi hei whakatau i te taumata pēhanga ingoa, ka taea te tatau i tōna rahi me te tohutoro ki ngā whakaritenga e tika ana hei whakatau.
Momo hanganga takirere haumaru, me whiriwhiri te rauemi takirere kia rite ki te āhua o te reo, ngā āhuatanga mahi. He whakaritenga motuhake te pēhanga tīmatanga, te whakamātautau me te whakaae o te takirere haumaru, ka whakatikatikaina e te tari haumarutanga, ka tāia ngā hiri, ā, kaua e whakarerekētia kia haumaru ai te whakamahi.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-01-2023