Ko te waikura te whakangaromanga, te pirau rānei o ngā rauemi, o ō rātou āhuatanga rānei i puta mai i te taiao. Ko te nuinga o te waikura ka puta i ngā taiao hauhautanga, kei roto ngā wāhanga waikura me ngā āhuatanga waikura pēnei i te hāora, te haumākū, ngā huringa pāmahana me ngā poke.
Ko te Waikura Hurihuri he waikura āhuarangi noa, ā, he tino whakangaro. Ko te waikura hurihuri i runga i te mata o ngā rauemi whakarewa nā te urunga o ngā katote hauota ki roto i te mata whakarewa o te paparanga waikura me te paparanga tiaki o te mata whakarewa me te tauhohenga hiko o roto o te whakarewa i puta mai i te. I taua wā anō, kei roto i ngā katote hauota he pūngao waikura, he ngāwari ki te mimiti ki roto i ngā pūwero o te mata whakarewa, ka kapi ngā kapiti ka whakakapi i te hāora i roto i te paparanga waikura, ka huri ngā waikura kore-rewa ki ngā hauota waikura, kia kore ai e pā te āhua o te mata ki te mata hohe.
Ko te whakamātautau waikura huringa he momo whakamātautau taiao e whakamahi ana i ngā taputapu whakamātautau waikura huringa hei hanga whakaata horihori o ngā āhuatanga taiao waikura huringa hei aromatawai i te ātete waikura o ngā hua, o ngā rauemi whakarewa rānei. E rua ngā wāhanga o tēnei whakamātautau, ko tētahi mō te whakamātautau whakaaturanga taiao tūturu, ko tētahi mō te whakaata tere horihori o te whakamātautau taiao waikura huringa.
Ko te whakatauira horihori o te whakamātautau taiao Waikura Hurihuri ko te whakamahi i tētahi rahinga motuhake o ngā taputapu whakamātautau wāhi - te rūma whakamātautau Waikura Hurihuri (Pikitia), i roto i tōna rahinga wāhi me ngā tikanga horihori, ka hua ake he taiao Waikura Hurihuri hei aromatawai i te kounga o te ātete waikura Hurihuri o te hua.
Ki te whakatauritea ki te taiao tūturu, ko te kukū tote o te pūhaumāota o tōna taiao waikura huringa, ka taea te maha, te tekau rānei o ngā wā i te nui o te waikura huringa o te taiao tūturu whānui, kia tino piki ake ai te tere o te waikura, ā, ka tino poto ake te wā ki te tiki hua i te whakamātautau waikura huringa i runga i te hua. Pērā i te taiao whakaaturanga tūturu mō te whakamātautau tauira hua, ka roa pea te kotahi tau ki te waikura, engari i roto i te whakatauira horihori o ngā āhuatanga taiao waikura huringa, tae atu ki te 24 hāora, ka taea e koe te tiki hua ōrite.
Ka taea te wehewehe i te Waikura Hurihuri whakaata taiwhanga ki ngā wāhanga e whā
(1)Whakamātautau Waikura Hurihuri Kūpapa (whakamātautau NSS)He tikanga whakamātautau waikura tere te tikanga, ā, koinei te mea tino whānui te whakamahinga i tēnei wā. Ka whakamahia he otinga tote konutai pūhaumāota 5%, ka whakatikatikaina te uara PH o te otinga ki te awhe kūpapa (6.5 ~ 7.2) hei otinga rehu. Ko te pāmahana whakamātautau he 35 ℃, ko te tere whakataunga o te waikura huringa e hiahiatia ana i roto i te 1 ~ 2ml/80cm/h.
(2)Whakamātautau Waikura Hurihuri waikawa acetic (whakamātautau ASS)I whakawhanakehia i runga i te whakamātautau waikura huringa koretake. Ko te tikanga he tāpiri i ētahi waikawa acetic hukapapa ki roto i te otinga konutai pūhaumāota 5%, kia heke ai te uara PH o te otinga ki te 3 pea, kia waikawa ai te otinga, ā, kia puta ai te hanganga whakamutunga o te waikura huringa mai i te waikura huringa koretake ki te waikawa. Ko tōna tere waikura e toru ngā wā tere atu i te whakamātautau NSS.
(3)Te tote parahi, te waikawa acetic tere, te whakamātautau waikura huringa (whakamātautau CASS)He whakamātautau waikura tere hou tēnei i hangaia ki tāwāhi, ko te pāmahana whakamātautau he 50 ℃, he iti noa te tote parahi - he parahi pūhaumāota, ā, he kaha te waikura i puta mai i te otinga tote. Ko tōna tere waikura he tata ki te 8 ngā wā i te whakamātautau NSS.
(4)Whakamātautau Waikura HurihuriHe whakamātautau waikura porowhita whānui tēnei, arā, he whakamātautau waikura porowhita koretake me te whakamātautau haumākū me te wera pumau. E whakamahia ana mō ngā hua katoa momo-pūwero, mā te urunga ki roto i te taiao haumākū, kia kore ai e puta te waikura porowhita i runga i te mata o te hua anake, engari i roto hoki i te hua. Ko te hua i roto i te waikura porowhita me te wera haumākū e rua ngā āhuatanga taiao e rua, ā, i te mutunga, ka aromatawaihia ngā āhuatanga hiko me ngā āhuatanga miihini o te hua katoa me ngā huringa, me te kore rānei.
Ko ngā hua o te whakamātautau waikura huringa ka tukuna i roto i te āhua kounga, kaua i te āhua tauanga. E whā ngā tikanga whakatau motuhake.
①tikanga whakatau whakataurangaKo te ōwehenga o te horahanga waikura me te horahanga katoa o te ōrau e ai ki tētahi tikanga wehewehe ki ētahi taumata, ki tētahi taumata hei pūtake whakatau whai mana, he pai mō ngā tauira papatahi mō te aromatawai.
②tikanga whakatau paunaMā te tikanga pauna i te taumaha o te tauira i mua atu, ā, i muri mai i te whakamātautau waikura, ka taea te tatau i te taumaha o te waikura kua ngaro hei aromatawai i te kounga o te ātete waikura o te tauira. He tino pai mō te aromatawai i te kounga o te ātete waikura whakarewa.
③tikanga whakatau āhua waikuraHe tikanga whakatau kounga te whakamātautau waikura huringa, hei whakatau mena ka puta he waikura i te hua, ko ngā paerewa hua whānui te nuinga o te wā e whakamahia ana i roto i tēnei tikanga.
④tikanga tātari tatauranga raraunga waikurae whakarato ana i te hoahoa o ngā whakamātautau waikura, te tātari i ngā raraunga waikura, me te whakatau i te taumata whakapono o te tikanga mō ngā raraunga waikura, e whakamahia ana hei tātari i te waikura tatauranga, kaua mō te whakatau kounga hua motuhake.
Whakamātautau Waikura Hurihuri o te maitai kore waikura
I hangaia te whakamātautau waikura huringa i te tīmatanga o te rautau rua tekau, koinei te whakamahinga roa rawa atu o te "whakamātautau waikura", he rauemi tino ātete ki te waikura e pai ana ki ngā kaiwhakamahi, ā, kua huri hei whakamātautau "ao whānui". Ko ngā take matua ko: ① penapena wā; ② utu iti; ③ ka taea te whakamātautau i ngā momo rauemi; ④ he māmā, he mārama hoki ngā hua, he pai mō te whakataunga o ngā tautohe arumoni.
I roto i te mahi, ko te whakamātautau waikura huringa o te maitai kore waikura te mea tino mōhiotia - e hia ngā hāora ka taea e tēnei rauemi te whakamātautau waikura huringa? Kāore pea i te tauhou ki tēnei pātai ngā kaimahi.
Ko te tikanga, ka whakamahia e ngā kaihoko rauemiwhakangāwarimaimoatanga rāneiwhakapai ake i te kounga oro o te mata, me ētahi atu, hei whakapai ake i te wā whakamātautau waikura huringa o te maitai kore waikura. Heoi, ko te mea tino nui hei whakatau ko te hanganga o te maitai kore waikura tonu, arā, ko te nui o te chromium, te molybdenum me te nickel.
Ko te nui ake o te ihirangi o ngā huānga e rua, te chromium me te molybdenum, ko te kaha ake o te mahi waikura e hiahiatia ana hei ātete i te tīmatanga o te waikura o te poka me te kapiti. Ka whakaatuhia tēnei ātete waikura i roto i ngā kupu e kiia nei ko teĀtete Ātete PōkaUara (PRE): PRE = %Cr + 3.3 x %Mo.
Ahakoa kāore te nikara e whakanui ake i te ātete o te maitai ki te waikura o te poka me te kapiti, ka taea e ia te whakaroa i te tere o te waikura i muri i te tīmatanga o te tukanga waikura. Nō reira, he pai ake te mahi a ngā maitai kore waikura austenitic kei roto i te nikara i roto i ngā whakamātautau Waikura Hurihuri, ā, he iti ake te waikura i ngā maitai kore waikura ferritic nikara iti me te ātete rite ki ngā mea rite ki te waikura poka.
Ngā Kōrero Poto: Mō te paerewa 304, ko te roa o te waikura huringa koretake kei waenganui i te 48 me te 72 hāora; mō te paerewa 316, ko te roa o te waikura huringa koretake kei waenganui i te 72 me te 120 hāora.
Me mōhio koteWaikura HurihuriHe nui ngā ngoikoretanga o tēnei whakamātautau ina whakamatautauria ngā āhuatanga o te maitai kore waikura.He tino teitei te ihirangi pūhaumāota o te Waikura Hurihuri i roto i te whakamātautau Waikura Hurihuri, he nui atu i te taiao tūturu, nō reira ko te maitai kore waikura e ātete ana ki te waikura i roto i te taiao tono tūturu me te ihirangi pūhaumāota tino iti ka waikura anō hoki i roto i te whakamātautau Waikura Hurihuri.
Ka whakarerekē te whakamātautau waikura huringa i te whanonga waikura o te maitai kore waikura, kāore e taea te kī he whakamātautau tere, he whakamātautau whakaata rānei. He taha kotahi ngā hua, ā, kāore he hononga ōrite ki te mahi tuturu o te maitai kore waikura ka whakamahia i te mutunga.
Nō reira, ka taea e tātou te whakamahi i te whakamātautau Waikura Hurihuri hei whakatairite i te ātete waikura o ngā momo maitai kore waikura rerekē, engari ko tēnei whakamātautau anake ka taea te aromatawai i te rauemi. I te wā e whiriwhiri ana i ngā rauemi maitai kore waikura, ko te whakamātautau Waikura Hurihuri anake kāore e whakarato i ngā mōhiohio e ranea ana, nā te mea kāore i a tātou te māramatanga e ranea ana ki te hononga i waenga i ngā āhuatanga whakamātautau me te taiao tono tuturu.
Mō taua take anō, kāore e taea te whakatau tata i te roa o te ora o tētahi hua i runga anō i te whakamātautau Waikura Hurihuri o tētahi tauira maitai kore waikura anake.
Hei tāpiritanga, kāore e taea te whakataurite i ngā momo maitai rerekē, hei tauira, kāore e taea te whakataurite i te maitai kore waikura ki te maitai waro pania, nā te mea he tino rerekē ngā tikanga waikura o ngā rauemi e rua i whakamahia i te whakamātautau, ā, kāore te hononga i waenga i ngā hua o te whakamātautau me te taiao tūturu e whakamahia ai te hua e ōrite ana.
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi-06-2023