Ko te Kowiri tira takirua (DSS) he momo kowiri tira kei roto ngā wāhanga ōrite o te ferrite me te austenite, ko te wāhanga iti iho e hanga ana i te iti rawa 30%. Ko te ihirangi chromium o te DSS i waenga i te 18% me te 28% me te ihirangi nikara i waenga i te 3% me te 10%. Kei roto hoki i ētahi kowiri tira takirua ngā huānga whakarewa pēnei i te molybdenum (Mo), te parahi (Cu), te niobium (Nb), te titanium (Ti), me te hauota (N).
Ka whakakotahihia e tēnei kāwai maitai ngā āhuatanga o ngā maitai kore waikura austenitic me te ferritic. Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā maitai kore waikura ferritic, he nui ake te kirihou me te pakari o te DSS, kāore he pakarukaru i te pāmahana rūma, ā, he pai ake te ātete ki te waikura intergranular me te kaha whakarewa. I te wa ano, ka mau tonu te pakarukaru 475°C me te kawe wera teitei o ngā maitai kore waikura ferritic, ā, he superplasticity. Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā maitai kore waikura austenitic, he nui ake te kaha o te DSS, ā, he pai ake te ātete ki te waikura intergranular me te chloride. He pai hoki te ātete ki te waikura pitting a te DSS, ā, e kiia ana he maitai kore waikura e penapena ana i te nickel.
Hanganga me ngā Momo
Nā te hanganga ā-wāhanga-rua o te austenite me te ferrite, me te haurua o ia wāhanga, ka whakaatuhia e te DSS ngā āhuatanga o ngā maitai kore waikura austenitic me te ferritic. Ko te kaha hua o te DSS kei waenga i te 400 MPa ki te 550 MPa, e rua te nui atu i te kaha o ngā maitai kore waikura austenitic noa. He kaha ake te DSS, he iti ake te pāmahana whakawhiti pakarukaru, ā, he pai ake te ātete ki te waikura intergranular me te kaha whakarewa ki te whakataurite ki ngā maitai kore waikura ferritic. Kei a ia anō hoki ētahi āhuatanga o te maitai kore waikura ferritic, pērā i te pakarukaru 475°C, te kawe wera nui, te tauwehenga whakawhānui wera iti, te superplasticity, me te aukume. Ki te whakataurite ki ngā maitai kore waikura austenitic, he kaha ake te DSS, inā koa te kaha hua, ā, he pai ake te ātete ki te pitting, te waikura ahotea, me te ngenge waikura.
E whā ngā momo o te DSS e taea te whakarōpū i runga i tōna hanganga matū: Cr18, Cr23 (Kore-Mo), Cr22, me Cr25. Ka taea hoki te wehewehe anō i te momo Cr25 ki ngā maitai kore waikura paerewa me ngā maitai kore waikura takirua-rahi. I roto i ēnei, ko ngā momo Cr22 me Cr25 te mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana. I Haina, ko te nuinga o ngā momo DSS e whakamahia ana e hangaia ana i Huitene, tae atu ki te 3RE60 (momo Cr18), SAF2304 (momo Cr23), SAF2205 (momo Cr22), me SAF2507 (momo Cr25).
Ngā momo maitai kore waikura takirua
1. Momo Iti-Koranu:Ko te UNS S32304 (23Cr-4Ni-0.1N) te tohu, kāore he molybdenum i roto i tēnei maitai, ā, ko tōna Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number (PREN) he 24-25. Ka taea e ia te whakakapi i te AISI 304, 316 rānei i roto i ngā tono ātete waikura ahotea.
2. Momo Koranu-Waenga:Ko te UNS S31803 (22Cr-5Ni-3Mo-0.15N) te tohu, me te PREN o te 32-33. Ko tōna ātete ki te waikura kei waenga i te AISI 316L me te 6% Mo+N ngā maitai kore waikura austenitic.
3. Momo Koranu-Teitei:Kei roto i te nuinga o te wā ko te 25% Cr me te molybdenum me te hauota, i ētahi wā ko te parahi me te tungsten. Ko te UNS S32550 (25Cr-6Ni-3Mo-2Cu-0.2N) te tohu, me te PREN o te 38-39, he pai ake te ātete o tēnei maitai ki te waikura i te 22% Cr DSS.
4. Kowiri tira tino takirua:Kei roto ngā taumata tiketike o te molybdenum me te hauota, e tohuhia ana e te UNS S32750 (25Cr-7Ni-3.7Mo-0.3N), i ētahi wā kei roto hoki te tungsten me te parahi, me te PREN neke atu i te 40. He pai mō ngā āhuatanga pāpāho uaua, e tuku ana i te waikura me ngā āhuatanga miihini tino pai, he rite ki ngā maitai kore waikura super austenitic.
Ngā momo maitai kore waikura takirua i Haina
Kei roto i te paerewa hou a Haina GB/T 20878-2007 "Ngā Akoranga Rino Ātete-wera me te Hanganga Matū" he maha ngā akomanga DSS, pērā i te 14Cr18Ni11Si4AlTi, 022Cr19Ni5Mo3Si2N, me te 12Cr21Ni5Ti. Hei tāpiri, ko te maitai takirua rongonui 2205 e rite ana ki te akomanga Hainamana 022Cr23Ni5Mo3N.
Ngā Āhuatanga o te Kowiri tira takirua
Nā tōna hanganga rua-wāhanga, mā te whakahaere tika i te hanganga matū me te tukanga maimoatanga wera, ka whakakotahi te DSS i ngā painga o ngā maitai kore waikura ferritic me te austenitic. Ka riro i a ia te pakari me te āheinga whakarewa pai o ngā maitai kore waikura austenitic me te kaha teitei me te ātete ki te waikura ahotea chloride o ngā maitai kore waikura ferritic. Nā ēnei āhuatanga pai ake i tere ai te whanaketanga o te DSS hei rauemi hanganga whakarewa mai i te tekau tau atu i 1980, ā, ka rite ki ngā maitai kore waikura martensitic, austenitic, me te ferritic. Ko ngā āhuatanga o te DSS e whai ake nei:
1. Ātete ki te Waikura o te Ahotea Hauhā:He tino pai te ātete o ngā maitai kore waikura kei roto i te molybdenum ki te waikura ahotea pūhaumāota i ngā taumata ahotea iti. Ahakoa ka pāngia ngā maitai kore waikura austenitic 18-8 e te pakaru waikura ahotea i roto i ngā wairewa pūhaumāota kūpapa i runga ake i te 60°C, he pai te mahi a te DSS i roto i ngā taiao kei roto he iti noa te pūhaumāota me te hauwai whanariki, ā, he pai mō ngā whakawhiti wera me ngā kaiwhakamahana.
2. Ātete ki te Waikura o te Poka:He tino pai te ātete o te DSS ki te waikura i te poka. Me te Ātete Pitting ōrite (PRE=Cr%+3.3Mo%+16N%), he rite tonu te kaha pitting nui o te DSS me ngā maitai kore waikura austenitic. Ko te ātete o te DSS ki te waikura i te poka me te kapiti, inā koa i roto i ngā momo kei roto he konupora nui, he hauota, he nui ake i te AISI 316L.
3. Te Ngenge o te Waikura me te Ātete ki te Waikura:He pai te mahi a te DSS i roto i ētahi taiao waikura, ā, he pai mō ngā papu, ngā takirere me ētahi atu taputapu hiko.
4. Ngā Āhuatanga Ā-ringa:He kaha teitei tō te DSS, ā, he kaha tuku e rua te nui atu i te 18-8 ngā maitai kore waikura austenitic. I te āhua whakamahana-wairewa, ka eke tōna roa ki te 25%, ā, ko tōna uara pakari AK (V-notch) neke atu i te 100 J.
5. Te āheinga whakarewa:He pai te āheinga whakarewa o te DSS, ā, he iti noa ngā āhua pakaru wera. Kāore e hiahiatia te whakamahana i mua i te whakarewatanga, ā, kāore e hiahiatia te maimoatanga wera i muri i te whakarewatanga, e āhei ai te whakarewatanga me ngā maitai kore waikura austenitic 18-8, ngā maitai waro rānei.
6. Te Mahi Wera:He whānui ake te awhe pāmahana mahi wera o te DSS iti-konukōmiuma (18%Cr) me te ātete iti iho i ngā maitai kore waikura austenitic 18-8, e āhei ai te huri tika ki roto i ngā pereti me te kore e hanga. He uaua ake te mahi wera o te DSS teitei-konukōmiuma (25%Cr) engari ka taea te hanga hei pereti, hei paipa, hei waea.
7. Te Mahi Matao:He nui ake te whakapakeketanga o te mahi a te DSS i te wā e mahi matao ana i tērā i ngā maitai kore waikura austenitic 18-8, ā, me nui ake te ahotea tīmatanga mō te whakarerekētanga i te wā e hanga ana i ngā paipa me ngā pereti.
8. Te Awe Wera me te Whakawhanui:He nui ake te kawe wera o te DSS, ā, he iti ake hoki ngā tauwehenga whānui wera ki te whakatauritea ki ngā maitai kore waikura austenitic, nā reira he pai mō te whakapuru i ngā taputapu me te hanga pereti hiato. He pai hoki mō ngā matua ngongo whakawhiti wera, he nui ake te pai o te whakawhiti wera i ngā maitai kore waikura austenitic.
9. Ngāwari:Ka mau tonu te ngoikore o te DSS i ngā āhua pakarukaru o ngā maitai kore waikura ferritic teitei-chromium, ā, kāore e pai mō te whakamahi i ngā pāmahana neke atu i te 300°C. Ko te iti o te ihirangi chromium i roto i te DSS, ko te iti ake o te tūponotanga ki ngā āhua pakarukaru pēnei i te āhua sigma.
Ngā Painga Whakaputa o Womic Steel
He kaihanga matua a Womic Steel mō te kowiri tira takirua, e tuku ana i te whānuitanga o ngā hua tae atu ki ngā paipa, ngā pereti, ngā pae, me ngā waea. E piri ana ā mātou hua ki ngā paerewa matua o te ao, ā, kua whakamanahia e ISO, CE, me te API. Ka taea e mātou te whakahaere i te tirotiro a te hunga tuatoru me te tirotiro whakamutunga, kia tutuki ai ngā paerewa kounga teitei.
E mōhiotia ana ngā hua kowiri tira takirua a Womic Steel mō ā rātou:
Ngā Rauemi Mata Kounga Teitei:Ko ngā rauemi mata pai rawa anake ka whakamahia e mātou hei whakarite kia tino pai te mahi a ngā hua.
Ngā Tikanga Hanga Matatau:Mā ā mātou whare hanga hou me te tīma mātau e taea ai e mātou te whakaputa i te maitai kowiri tira takirua me ngā hanganga matū me ngā āhuatanga miihini tino tika.
Ngā Otinga Whakaritenga:He whānuitanga o ngā rahi me ngā whakaritenga e tukuna ana e mātou hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia motuhake o ā mātou kiritaki.
Te Mana Kounga Tino Kaha:Mā ā mātou tukanga whakahaere kounga pakari ka tutuki i ia hua ngā paerewa hiranga teitei rawa atu.
Whānuitanga Ao:Me te whatunga kaweake pakari, ka tukuna e Womic Steel te kowiri tira takirua ki ngā kiritaki o te ao katoa, hei tautoko i ngā momo ahumahi me ngā rauemi pono me te mahi teitei.
Kōwhiria a Womic Steel mō ō hiahia kowiri tira takirua, ā, wheakohia te kounga me te ratonga kāore e taea te whakataurite e wehewehe ana i a mātou i roto i te umanga.
Wā tuku: Hurae-29-2024